What is the
fingerprint verification technology?
A fingerprint in its narrow sense is an impression left by the
friction ridges of a human finger. In a wider use of the term, fingerprints are
the traces of an impression from the friction ridges of any part of a human or
other primate hand.
Since the early 20th century, fingerprint detection and analysis has been one
of the most common and important forms of crime scene forensic investigation.
More crimes have been solved with fingerprint evidence than for any other
reason. This fact necessitated the need for assailants to cover their hands
during the commission of their crimes; thus designating gloves to be the most
essential and crucial tool for any successful criminal perpetrator.
Fingerprint
verification method?
There are two types of method, optical and capacitance.
Optical fingerprint imaging involves capturing a digital image of the print
using visible light. This type of sensor is, in essence, a specialized digital
camera. The top layer of the sensor, where the finger is placed, is known as
the touch surface. Beneath this layer is a light-emitting phosphor layer which
illuminates the surface of the finger. The light reflected from the finger
passes through the phosphor layer to an array of solid state pixels (a
charge-coupled device) which captures a visual image of the fingerprint. A
scratched or dirty touch surface can cause a bad image of the fingerprint. A
disadvantage of this type of sensor is the fact that the imaging capabilities
are affected by the quality of skin on the finger. For instance, a dirty or
marked finger is difficult to image properly. Also, it is possible for an
individual to erode the outer layer of skin on the fingertips to the point
where the fingerprint is no longer visible. It can also be easily fooled by an
image of a fingerprint if not coupled with a "live finger" detector.
Capacitance sensors use principles associated with capacitance in order to form
fingerprint images. In this method of imaging, the sensor array pixels each act
as one plate of a parallel-plate capacitor, the dermal layer (which is
electrically conductive) acts as the other plate, and the non-conductive
epidermal layer acts as a dielectric
Coverage
It is widely used in access control, building management, bank,
airport information system, etc
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