Friday, November 23, 2018

Difference of Closed and Open Circuit

Difference of Closed and Open Circuit

Hello Engineers, let us come from basics. A system in which the output quantity has no effect upon the input to the control process are called open-loop control systems, and that open-loop systems are just that, open ended non-feedback systems. But the goal of electronic control system is to measure, monitor, and control a process and one way in which we can accurately control the process is by monitoring its output.

We call flow of charge is called current. And in order to create the flow, we need a force. That we are achieving the positive charge and negative charge.


As positive charge and negative charge attract each other we create a circuit and make it flow.

Consider the diagram:

Here in order to glow the bulb, we need current (flow of charge) So we connecting a source, here battery.

Closed circuit.

Once we make the circuit complete +ve charge and -ve charge attracts each other. Thus creating a flow of electrons i.e. current. This complete circuit is called closed circuit.

Open Circuit

If you disconnect any side of the source or anywhere along the line the +ve charge and – charge cannot have any kind of attraction between each other resulting from an absence of flow of electrons. This incomplete circuit is called open circuit.

An electronic control system with one or more feedback paths is called a Closed-loop System. Closed-loop control systems are also called “feedback control systems” are very common in process control and electronic control systems. 

In a closed-loop system, a controller is used to compare the output of a system with the required condition and convert the error into a control action designed to reduce the error and bring the output of the system back to the desired response. Shown Relay work some time closed and open based on signal input in coil side.

6 comments:

selemun said...

The explanation is so,very astonishing and clear. please go ahead about these terms and their definitions .so,i would like to thank you so much ……………

Virendra Solanki said...

We have seen that an electronic control system with one or more feedback paths is called a Closed-loop System. Closed-loop control systems are also called “feedback control systems” are very common in process control and electronic control systems. Feedback systems have part of their output signal “fed back” to the input for comparison with the desired set point condition. The type of feedback signal can result either in positive feedback or negative feedback.

In a closed-loop system, a controller is used to compare the output of a system with the required condition and convert the error into a control action designed to reduce the error and bring the output of the system back to the desired response. Then closed-loop control systems use feedback to determine the actual input to the system and can have more than one feedback loop.

Closed-loop control systems have many advantages over open-loop systems. One advantage is the fact that the use of feedback makes the system response relatively insensitive to external disturbances and internal variations in system parameters such as temperature. It is thus possible to use relatively inaccurate and inexpensive components to obtain the accurate control of a given process or plant.

However, system stability can be a major problem especially in badly designed closed-loop systems as they may try to over-correct any errors which could cause the system to loss control and oscillate.

In the next tutorial about Electronics Systems, we will look at the different ways in which we can incorporate a summing point into the input of a system and the different ways in which we can feed signals back to it.

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Sophia said...

Great explanation of closed and open circuits! AtFiraCode, we’re always excited about understanding fundamental concepts, whether in tech or electronics. This breakdown is perfect for grasping the essentials!