CCTV Camera Cable Variations
We know that selecting your CCTV cameras and video recorder may have
been a little more work than you might have anticipated. We’re sorry to say
that the decision making process isn’t over just yet. We can say with confidence
that about 90% of tech support related issues are a result of problems with
cabling. This makes your choice in cable one of the more important decisions
you’re going to make.
Siamese Cable
Siamese cable is really two different cables fused together. You have your coaxial cable (RG59) for video, and power cable. The video portion will serve to relay the video feed from your camera back to your DVR, while the power cable will relay power from your power supply to the camera. Siamese cable is appropriate for any analog, HD-CVI, and HD-SDI security camera system.
This is easily the most popular choice, but there are different levels of quality which can tie into the decision making process. You’ll often see the acronym “AWG” along side of this type of cable. American wire gauge (AWG) is just the unit of measurement that represents the “gauge” or thickness of the wire.
Your standard pre-made Siamese cable will usually be 24AWG or 26 AWG.
This is going to seem thin when you hold it in your hand but it’s still very
practical. Cable like this is functional for runs up to 150 feet. We don’t
recommend going much further than that as you’ll very quickly begin to
experience video and/or power loss because of the thinner gauge copper wire.
Also, because of it’s thin gauge, pre-made Siamese cable can only be used
reliably with standard analog cameras. You will not be able to use this with
HD-SDI or HD-CVI cameras.
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Pre-made Siamese Cable |
The alternative to pre-made is to purchase Siamese cable sold by the spool. This is also commonly referred to as RG59 cable. The coaxial cable that comes off of a spool is normally 20AWG while the power cable is 18AWG. There are two different types of coax in this industry and most of it is copper clad. This means that the center wire is aluminum or silver but cased inside of a copper shell. This type of cable is good for runs up to 300 feet. Some people have been able to push this as far as 400 feet, but usually after 300, you begin to experience video degradation. The other option is solid copper Siamese cable. Unless you have an HD-CVI system, this probably isn’t going to be necessary for you, but you might find that this is a good solution for you if you just need to stretch those 300 foot runs a bit further without video loss.
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Siamese Cable from Spool with Various
Power and BNC Connectors |
Just
keep in mind that standard analog and HD-SDI systems are only designed be able
to go up to 300 feet. Whether it’s copper clad or solid copper, either one
should work just fine for you. Solid copper cable only comes into the picture
with HD-CVI systems because there runs can go up to approximately 1600 feet.
Without solid copper Siamese cable, you start to experience video degradation
pretty early on.
CAT5e Cable
Cat5 and Cat5e are absolutely different no matter what anyone tells you. Ordinary Cat5 cable should not be used with CCTV products. The quality of the cable is too poor for this application and will cause frequent problems if it works at all. If you choose to run this type of cable, it needs to be at least CAT5e (we’ll get to CAT6). You can use this type of cable with standard analog cameras, and it’s required for IP/network cameras. If you choose to go with Cat5e for your analog cameras, you shouldn't have any issue with runs up to 1000 feet. If you are using Cat5e with IP cameras that are power over Ethernet (PoE), your cable runs can go as far as 300-1000 feet, while non-PoE cameras will be limited to the power supply being used with them (usually about 300 feet). The power consumption of your PoE IP camera will ultimately dictate the maximum length of your run but you can usually expect at least 600 feet (12W power consumption).
Analog
cameras, as you may have already realized, aren’t really set up for Cat5e
cable. The work around for this is to use baluns. Think of baluns like
converters that attach to your cameras to make them compatible with Cat5e.
There are various types of baluns to choose from depending on your
needs.
Network camera, or IP cameras, have a network cable port on their pigtail. Whether the IP camera is power over Ethernet (PoE) or not, the network cable port will be there. You’ll also have a female power terminal on the pigtail very similar to that of any analog or HD camera.
If you
have a camera that’s PoE, you can run that single length of Cat5e cable and
you’ll have video and power going through the same cable. If your camera is not
PoE, you will need a dedicated power source to power the camera. The Cat5e
cable will still be good for video, but you’ll most likely need to run a
separate power cable in addition to your Cat5e cable unless you have an outlet
close enough for the power supply to reach the camera.
The
alternative to running two separate cables is to use simple PoE power
adapters for non-PoE IP cameras that will essentially convert your non-PoE
camera into a PoE camera. They’re identical in purpose to video and power
baluns. You’ll still need a dedicated 12V DC power supply for the
camera, just like you would any analog camera, but these adapters will enable
you to position your power source somewhere much more convenient; for instance,
next to your network switch or network video recorder (NVR).
Cat6 Cable
This type of cable is almost never necessary. The fact is that as of
right now, there aren’t any IP cameras that require Cat6 cable, but because of
the fact that Cat6 is backwards compatible with CAT5e, there is absolutely no
harm in using CAT6 or CAT8. Due to the fact that CAT6 is the newer,
bigger, and better thing out on the market though, a lot of people choose to go
with Cat6 cable in an effort to predict the future in a way. By using CAT6
cable now instead of Cat5e, you may be preventing yourself from having to run
new cable later when you upgrade your system. Predictably, cameras will only be
getting more advanced and as such will probably require a more advanced cable
in the distant future, such as Cat6. Theoretically, Cat6 may be able to
lengthen the maximum distance of your runs, but testing for it is so scarce
that we wouldn't be able to confirm that with any confidence.
Cat 5 vs Cat 6 vs Cat 8 Ethernet Cables
Designed by
integrating cutting-edge technology, the cat 8 cables elevate the performance
to the next level. Having a higher bandwidth performance than Cat 5e and Cat 6,
Cat 8 cables are the most sought-after ones nowadays.
A
comparison of Cat5e, Cat6 and Cat8 Ethernet cables would reveal that cat 8
cables are far more superior than the former two, even though it has a few cons.
Cat8 cables
have better frequency characteristics that make them capable of offering higher
data speeds than Cat 5e and Cat 6. It can support bandwidth up to 2 GHz for a
distance of up to 30 meters. The data speed guaranteed by cat 8 varies from 25
Gbps to 40 Gbps.
On the
other hand, Cat 5e Ethernet cables offer a maximum frequency of 100 MHz and Cat
6 supports a max frequency of 250 MHz. The data speed of the Cat 5 cable is
limited to 1000 Mbps and that of the Cat 6 Ethernet cable is 10,000 Mbps.
The only
major drawback of Cat 8 Ethernet cable is the distance it performs the best.
Cat 8 cables are ideal for home installations, LAN in office spaces of small
areas etc. Cat 8 Ethernet cables simply assure network speeds from 2500 Mbps to
40,000 Mbps.
The Power of Ethernet or POE is another advantage of using Cat 8 cables. Thereby you can save on cabling expenses at home as well as office. Ideal for space management, reducing clutter, and optimal performance, Cat8 Ethernet cables might be a preferable choice for you.
Twisted Pair Cat 8 Cables
Increased
data speed has become a necessity presently. Every minute delay is costing
businesses, and individuals offering services their money, time and effort. The
electromagnetic field created through the passage of electricity and
electromagnetic interference can impede the speed and flawless performance of
the network.
Twisted
pair cables are a solution used for reducing the effects of the magnetic field.
The magnetic field created would be contained in the limited space. Thus
high-speed data transmission would occur unaffected.
More
twists in the network cabling would provide improved frequency characteristics
to the cable. Furthermore, individually shielded pairs of network cables are
another method for enhancing frequency.
The categories of cables available in the market
presently are:
Cat 5 cables
o Bandwidth – 100 MHz
o Data Speed – 100 Mbps
Cat 5e cables
o Bandwidth – 100 MHz
o Data Speed – 100 Mbps
Cat 6 cables
o Bandwidth – 250 MHz
o Data Speed – 1 Gbps
Cat 6A cables
o Bandwidth – 500 MHz
o Data Speed – 10 Gbps
Cat 7 cables
o Bandwidth – 600 MHz
o Data Speed – 10 Gbps
Cat 7a cables
o Bandwidth – 1000 MHz
o Data Speed – 10+ Gbps
Cat 8 cables
o Bandwidth – 2500 MHz
o Data Speed – 40 Gbps
