Showing posts with label Audit CCTV footage. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Audit CCTV footage. Show all posts

Tuesday, September 1, 2020

India and China relation effect in Surveillance Market

 India and China relation effect in Surveillance Market

India faces trade imbalance heavily in favour of China. The two countries failed to resolve their border dispute and Indian media outlets have repeatedly reported Chinese military incursions into Indian territory. Both countries have steadily established military infrastructure along border areas.

Major Issues Between India And China

  •      LAC issues – Border demarcation has been a major issue between India and China. ..
  •     Water Disputes – The 4 Rivers flowing from China to India are the crucial source of water for some Indian states. ...
  •     Dali Lama – India's step to shelter Dalai Lama, who has taken shelter in Dharamshala, after his exile.

According to Indian sources, melee fighting on 15/16 June 2020 resulted in the deaths  of 20  Indian soldiers (including an officer) and casualties of 43 Chinese soldiers (including death of an officer). ... On the Indian side ten soldiers were reported to have been taken captive while the Chinese numbers remain unconfirmed.

Many Indians largely blame China for the origin of the coronavirus, and criticize its lack of disclosure, its influence on the WHO, and what are seen as its efforts to take diplomatic or commercial advantage of the crisis. Because of COVID-19, China's GDP contracted 6.8% during the first quarter of 2020, the country’s first quarterly economic retrenchment in decades, according to data released April 17 by the National Bureau of Statistics of China. Thus, India’s government has announced restrictions on foreign direct investment from countries that share a land boundary with India — a move clearly directed against China. It has also been proactive in its neighborhood with diplomatic outreach, economic aid, technical assistance, and the provision of medical supplies.

Outside of China, the pandemic has severely affected the production of video surveillance equipment in areas where the equipment is being made, such as India, Vietnam, and Brazil, as factories remained shuttered under lockdown orders. It is difficult to say when production in these areas will resume since virus spread and containment efforts differ for each country.

To ensure that social distancing norms and the home ministry’s standard operating procedures are being followed, the government will ask all major companies that reopen with permits to share their CCTV footage.
“We will make it mandatory for all bigger organisations to share CCTV footage. We will set up a control room where our industry department will monitor this feed to ensure that the social distancing norms are being followed,” said additional chief secretary and GMDA chief VS Kundu. Besides this, officials from the labour department as well as Haryana State
Industrial Development Corporation (HSIDC) will constantly monitor the factories. “We will also form teams of volunteers who will conduct random checks at the industry premises to see that the SOPs are being followed,” said Kundu. You need to audit video footage what your camera saw. As far as the construction sites are concerned, only those projects that have made arrangements for the workers’ accommodation at the site will be allowed to reopen.

China alone in 2019 accounted for approximately 90% of the worldwide production of video surveillance camera units, and its domestic surveillance market represented 47% of worldwide global market revenue, Omdia estimates, as shown by the chart below. 

Contactless technology was an inevitable demand that COVID-19 brought with it. Realizing this at an early stage of the pandemic. Facial recognition could grant access or unlock a door without physical contact, but in many instances, you would still need to open a door by touching its handle. To deal with this, manufacturer offered motorized swing door and sliding door operators. At exits, recommended touch-free buttons that could open the doors. But Facial recognition is costly, their capacity is lower than fingerprint-based systems, and chances of error are more. Even in a global pandemic, researchers are crawling the internet for photos of people wearing face masks to improve facial recognition algorithms...so, yes, the technology will continue to evolve and continue to be used.
 
The customers, on their part, are keen on these solutions, but because the Indian government had implemented a country-wide lockdown for almost six months from March, sales have been less. Even though the country-wide lockdown was lifted in May, regional lockdowns and restrictions continue, and many customers are still reluctant to decide to invest. Also need to remember India is a highly cost-sensitive economy. This reason Indian people depends on china low cost zero quality product. Some high-end customers, like a pharmaceutical company they upgrading from their existing fingerprint scanners is a significant capital investment decision because they have hundreds of readers across their premises. So, the market may take a final decision only after observing the developments of a vaccine or cure for COVID-19.
 
Some Si' s received an inquiry for a facial recognition-based access control solution, integrated with thermal screening and mask detection, where they categorically said not to go for Chinese products. Although there are customers interested in contactless access control technology, the Indian market appears to have taken a wait-and-watch strategy for now. However, the spread of the virus in the next few months would play a critical role in the decision-making process. By the end of this year or early next, we would get a clearer picture.

For a global security solutions provider, entering the Indian market begins with understanding the local customer’s requirements. But this is not easy, as the Indian market is fragmented and diverse, making it close to impossible to reach every end customer without investing heavily in a high-budget marketing plan. Security systems integration industry in India is not as organized as it should be. Delays in decision making are common in Indian public sector projects. Often there are also a lot of uncertainties because of political reasons. Post-sales challenges differ from customers to customers. Each project has its own set of challenges. These call for several levels of permissions that they are required to seek from different government bodies like National Highway Authorities, Railway Authorities, and other local authorities, before installation, which is another set of challenges during the execution stage.
 
Video Surveillance market especially regarding IP-based surveillance systems, is the customer’s lack of knowledge on what they want to buy. They compare IP Surveillance systems with IP devices that are used in general networking/LAN. The problem is that LAN/WAN is focused more on the network or the backend. For IP surveillance, they need to pay attention to the camera as it is the major component, apart from other network devices. This is where the price sensitivity issues that have become a nightmare for foreign vendors in India resurface. Competition from Chinese manufacturers is a challenge to SIs working with premium solution providers. Mr. Arindam Bhadra, Technical director of SSA Integrate said” “With the presence of various low-quality Chinese products, the biggest challenge for us is to convince our customers to buy products, which, although high in pricing, offers a better quality coupled with world-class technology. Still, many customers take cameras as just a device to watch the videos rather than for security surveillance. So, educating the customer and convincing them on the quality of products is the major challenge. Even they not bother type of cyber certification, UL etc.”

Cybersecurity threat mitigation awareness in the customer is not yet mature and, in such cases, we recommend products that follow best cybersecurity practices to ensure the IP Surveillance equipment doesn’t become the weakest link on the network. Marketing to end customers could be a possible solution, as this would support SIs in their efforts to convince the customer to not just focus on the price factor. When you combine this with steps to create more awareness of cybersecurity issues, customers will have a better understanding of what it takes to protect their surveillance data.

Several public video surveillance vendors in China have now released their Q1 financial reports that show their business being impacted at different levels. Revenue fell by 5% at Hikvision, by 19% at Dahua, by 36% at Kedacom, and rose just 0.5% at China Transinfo, the parent company of Uniview. The reversals are likely due to halted or delayed government-driven video surveillance projects as well as stagnant demand in the enterprise and small and medium business sector because of COVID-19.

Now I share one real life experience, happened with Nagpur based Si’s ACE Technologies, Mr. Ashish Agrawal said
“I would rather lose a order of 70 lakh than compromise on my nations security by Quoting on Manipulation done by Hikvision, Dahua, UNV or CP Plus.
For me Nation comes 1st.
May be emotional fool, but a Proud Indian at Heart.
Today i have rejected a customer asking me specs of these Chinese oem's. Kam profit hoga this FY, but at heart I'm happy that I've done my bit in securing safety and sovereignty of my Nation. My Tribute and Respect soldiers who laid down their lives for our security and security of this Great Nation from Pakis and Chinese. Many undercover we even don't know.
 
May be from business i made foolish decision, but not at cost of My Country.
 
It's time we as Indirect Security solution providers should stand together in supporting Safety, Sovereignty and Security of Our Nation.”

At last someone had to start, he did a bit. May be few SI's who have moral ethics and feelings for Nation can also do. Also few people who have sold souls and heart to Chinese companies can come back and Stand for their Nation.
 
Finally, dealing with government projects in India requires people who are familiar with how the system works. A potential solution some vendors have already considered is hiring such people to work as intermediaries. In a market like India, foreign vendors would always be better off with a reliable local representative. A lot of their success could depend on how efficient this representative could be.

Boycotting Chinese products & use NDAA approved video surveillance is correct process in new normal Indian society. Manufacturers wish and expect to make their products entirely in India in a few years, but there is much to be done before the country reaches that stage. “Make in India” is not as easy as it sounds. But “assemble in India” is good word.  

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Friday, May 1, 2020

Guidelines for Schools when Reopen post COVID-19 Lockdown

Guidelines for Schools when Reopen post COVID-19 Lockdown

Worldwide closure of Educational Institutions has impacted over 95% of the Worlds Students population with 1.5 billion learners’ unable to attend College and Schools. Indian Education System is the World’s largest with 1000+ Universities, 41,000 Colleges, 3,10,000 Schools with closely 320 million Students population. The govt will take a decision on reopening of schools and colleges on after reviewing the coronavirus situation in the country. They are our biggest treasure. Safety of students and teachers is of utmost importance to the government and his ministry is prepared to ensure there is no academic loss to students if schools and colleges needed to remain shut beyond April. The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian Institutes of Information Technology (IIITs) will not increase the tuition fee for any course for academic year 2020-21. IIT Kharagpur has created an online forum to help stranded foreign students at the institute share their problems faced during the nationwide lockdown imposed to contain the spread of novel coronavirus. IIM Calcutta has pushed its opening date to July. The institute’s director Anju Seth said that they would focus more on blended learning programmed, and would extend this to more geographies. UGC panel recommends academic session in varsities from Sept, online exams wherever possible. UNODC launches series of online dialogues with students & educators in India on COVID-19. Tripura Education minister Ratan Lal Nath on Sunday said all students of Class 1 to 9 and 11 have been promoted to the next class and virtual classes started for state school students in view of the coronavirus pandemic. Maximum News channel start online classes for each subject & each chaperwise, like ABP Ananda in Bengali. So every corner of education sector are going to online learning due to COVID-19. Now we need to know some facts about COVID-19. Today due to COVID-19 situation all our students are sitting at home and no hope of reopening of campuses before September 2020 and most of these students from long days unable to move out include not able to meet their friends and play.

What is COVID-19
COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus. ‘CO’ stands for corona, ‘VI’ for virus, and ‘D’ for disease. Formerly, this disease was referred to as ‘2019 novel coronavirus’ or ‘2019-nCoV.

The COVID-19 virus is a new virus linked to the same family of viruses as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and some types of common cold.


What are the symptoms of COVID-19?
Symptoms can include fever, cough and shortness of breath. In more severe cases, infection can cause pneumonia or breathing difficulties. More rarely, the disease can be fatal. These symptoms are similar to the flu (influenza) or the common cold, which are a lot more common than COVID-19. This is why testing is required to confirm if someone has COVID-19.

How does COVID-19 spread?
The virus is transmitted through direct contact with respiratory droplets of an infected person (generated through coughing and sneezing). Individuals can also be infected from and touching surfaces contaminated with the virus and touching their face (e.g., eyes, nose, mouth). The COVID-19 virus may survive on surfaces for several hours, but simple disinfectants can kill it.
The outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) and the virus has now spread to many countries and territories.

The protection of children and educational facilities is particularly important. Precautions are necessary to prevent the potential spread of COVID-19 in school settings; however, care must also be taken to avoid stigmatizing students and staff who may have been exposed to the virus. It is important to remember that COVID-19 does not differentiate between borders, ethnicities, disability status, age or gender. Education settings should continue to be welcoming, respectful, inclusive, and supportive environments to all. Measures taken by schools can prevent the entry and spread of COVID-19 by students and staff who may have been exposed to the virus, while minimizing disruption and protecting students and staff from discrimination.

Key Messages & Actions for school administrators, teachers & Staff
Following basic principles can help keep students, teachers, and staff safe at school
·        sick students, teachers and other staff should not come to school.
·        Schools should enforce regular hand washing with safe water and soap, alcohol rub/hand sanitizer or chlorine solution and, at a minimum, daily disinfection and cleaning of school surfaces.
·        Schools should promote social distancing, only two students can come. Seating arrangement also be spread.
·        Schools should provide water, sanitation and waste management facilities and follow environmental cleaning and decontamination procedures.
·      Set Class room or teachers room temperature should under 24 DegC to 30 DegC. Relative humidity within 40% - 70%.

Disinfect school buildings
Clean and disinfect school buildings, classrooms and especially water and sanitation facilities at least once a day, particularly surfaces that are touched by many people (Chair-table, elevator, railings, lunch tables, sports equipment, door and window handles, toys, entrance electronic gate, teaching and learning aids etc) or restricted area (Lab equipment, AC, DVR/NVR, Amplifier, any type controller, Fire Panel, Pump House, Hose, Fire Extinguisher, Reader etc)  through Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2). This sanitizer not applicable for Human / students / teachers skin. Primarily as a cleaning and disinfecting agent.
SANITIZING TUNNELS are disinfecting passageways for human use if sprays are non-flammable & non-toxic Super oxidized water Hypochlorous acid (HOCL). If purchase from vendor, vendor should share Lab test report & national or international certificate.
Verify Electrical System
Carry out the visual inspections of the distribution boards, switch boards. This is to ensure that during lock down insects have not got trapped in the electrical apparatus. If possible, get the earth values check of the earth pits.
Ensure that all stand by equipment’s are tested for the operations, such as DG sets. 16. Ensure to have those equipment’s in auto mode, if they were kept in auto mode prior to the lock down.
Lift operator should strictly use gloves and mask during duty hours.
Verify CCTV System
CCTV surveillance is now an integral part of the school, collage across the world. Visual inspection of all the components for any kind of damage or loose connections, which might have happened during the lockdown period.
Verify CCTV video footage of each camera and all the recorders (DVR/NVR/Servers etc.) for last 60days. Must be implement thermal image scanning body temperature camera. It can be handheld / tripod standing type.
Checked PA System
Student Announcement or class bell system is integral part of the school, collage across the world. Visual inspection of all the components for any kind of damage or loose connections, which might have happened during the lockdown period along with proper functionality of all the speakers through announcement.

Verify Fire Detection & Protection System
Visual inspection of all the components for any kind of damage or loose connections, which might have happened during the lockdown period alongwith check any fault indication on panel.
Test Detection system through fauls smoke (using aerosol) & Pulling MCP and chk notification signal, other hand test fire Electrically Driven Main (Hydrant / Sprinkler/ Jockey) pump start value stop value, Diesel Driven Pumps etc. Checked all fire Extinguisher are in correct place and healthy.
Monitor school attendance
Strictly avoid attendance thru fingerprint based biometric machines instead use face/eye scanning biometric machines or wave-based machine. Visual inspection of all the components for any kind of damage or loose connections, which might have happened during the lockdown period Implement school absenteeism monitoring systems to track student and staff absence and compare against usual absenteeism patterns at the school. If Body temp screening camera not installed then implement thermal Face scanning Solution can be integrate with attendance solution.

Adapt school policies where appropriate
Develop flexible attendance and sick leave policies that encourage students and staff to stay home when sick or when caring for sick family members.

Establish procedures if students or staff become unwell
Update emergency contact lists. Ensure a procedure for separating sick students and staff from those who are well – without creating stigma – and a process for informing parents/caregivers, and consulting with health care providers/health authorities wherever possible.
Checklist on Safe School Environments
·     Promote and demonstrate regular hand washing and positive hygiene behaviors.
·        Ensure adequate, clean and separate toilets or latrines for girls and boys.
·        Place hand sanitizers in toilets, classrooms, halls, and near exits where possible.
·        Ensure soap and safe water is available at age-appropriate hand washing stations.
·        Encourage frequent and thorough washing (at least 20 seconds).
·        Increase air flow and ventilation where climate allows (open windows, use air conditioning where available, etc.).
·        Ensure trash is removed daily and disposed of safely.
·        Meetings should be done through video conferencing only.

Key Messages & Actions for Parents & Community Members
COVID-19 is a new virus and we are still learning about how it affects children.
Understand basic information about coronavirus disease (COVID-19), including its symptoms, complications, how it is transmitted and how to prevent transmission.

Remember that symptoms of COVID-19 such as cough or fever can be similar to those of the flu, or the common cold, which are a lot more common.
Instead of keeping children out of school, teach them good hand and respiratory hygiene practices for school and elsewhere, like frequent handwashing (see below), covering a cough or sneeze with a flexed elbow or tissue, then throwing away the tissue into a closed bin, and not touching their eyes, mouths or noses if they haven’t properly washed their hands.

Checklist for Parents & Community Members
·        Monitor your child’s health and keep them home from school if they are ill.
·        Wash your hands with soap and safe water frequently. If soap and water are not readily available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol. Always wash hands with soap and water, if hands are visibly dirty.
·        Ensure that safe drinking water is available and toilets or latrines are clean and available at home.
·        Cough and sneeze into a tissue or your elbow and avoid touching your face, eyes, mouth, nose.
·        Encourage your children to ask questions and express their feelings with you and their teachers.
·        Coordinate with the school to receive information and ask how you can support school safety efforts (though parent-teacher committees, etc.)
Key Messages & Actions for Students & Children
Children and young people should understand basic, age-appropriate information about coronavirus disease (COVID-19), including its symptoms, complications, how it is transmitted and how to prevent transmission.

Checklist for Students & Children
·        In a situation like this it is normal to feel sad, worried, confused, scared or angry. Know that you are not alone and talk to someone you trust, like your parent or teacher so that you can help keep yourself and your school safe and healthy.
·        Protect yourself and others like: Remember to not touch your face, Do not share cups, eating utensils, food or drinks with others.
·        Share what you learn about preventing disease with your family and friends, especially with younger children.
·        Model good practices such as sneezing or coughing into your elbow and washing your hands, especially for younger family members.

Below are suggestions on how to engage students of different ages on preventing and controlling the spread of COVID-19 and other viruses.

Checklist for Preschool
·             Sing a song while washing their hands with hand sanitizer to practice the recommended 20 second duration.
·        Use puppets or dolls to demonstrate symptoms (sneezing, coughing, fever) and what to do if they feel sick (i.e. their head hurts, their stomach hurts, they feel hot or extra tired).
·        Children sit further apart from one another, have them practice stretching their arms out or ‘flap their wings’, they should keep enough space to not touch their friends.

Checklist for Primary School
·        Introduce the concept of social distancing (standing further away from friends, avoiding large crowds, not touching people if you don’t need to, etc.)
·        Understand the basic concepts of disease prevention and control. Use exercises that demonstrate how germs can spread. For example, by putting colored water in a spray bottle and spraying over a piece of white paper.
·        Discuss the different reactions they may experience and explain that these are normal reactions to an abnormal situation.

Checklist for Lower Secondary School
·      Make sure to listen to students’ concerns and answer their questions.
·      Focus on good health behaviors, such as covering coughs and sneezes with the elbow.
·     Discuss the different reactions they may experience and explain these are normal reactions to an abnormal situation. Encourage them to express and communicate their feelings.
·        Relevant health education like:
·  Science can cover the study of viruses, disease transmission and the importance of vaccinations.

Checklist for Upper Secondary School
·        Make sure to listen to students’ concerns and answer their questions.
·        Focus on good health behaviors, such as covering coughs and sneezes with the elbow and washing hands Encourage students to prevent and address stigma.
·        Have students make their own Public Service Announcements via social media, radio or even local tv broadcasting
·        Science courses can cover the study of viruses, disease transmission and the importance of vaccinations.
·        Social studies can focus on the history of pandemics and their secondary effects and investigate how public policies can promote tolerance and social cohesion.
·        Discuss the different reactions they may experience and explain these are normal reactions to an abnormal situation. Encourage them to express and communicate their feelings.

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Wednesday, April 1, 2020

Coronavirus and Working from Home

Coronavirus and Working from Home

The COVID-19 outbreak has caused almost all firms to deploy the work from home practice for employees. While some may be used to this, others may feel lost in the exercise. While not all Indian are able or fortunate enough to work from home, many have transitioned to telecommuting and virtual work over the last week or two.


Individuals work from home for a number of reasons. Maybe you’re a stay at home parent, or maybe your office space is under renovation. Maybe you are sick with the flu or, as it pertains to recent headlines, trying to self-isolate as coronavirus cases pop up around the country. Whatever the reason for “telecommuting,” there are ways you can ensure you are being productive, healthy and happy while working from home.
Working from home sounds like a luxury, but it comes with a number of challenges. What if you have connectivity issues with coworkers? What if you need something from your office that you don’t have access to? What if you are bombarded with other in-home distractions like pets, family members and electronics? Here are some tips for telecommuting, working from home, self-isolating or even self-quarantining—no matter your reasoning.

1. Maintain Regular Hours
Set a schedule and stick to it. Working designated hours, and then stopping when those hours are up, will give your brain time to work and time to rest. While working remotely does mean that there is added flexibility with your personal life schedule, it’s best to stick to a schedule where you can be productive, get your work done and call it a day when work hours are up.

2. Create a Morning Routine
Humans are creatures of habit—and that’s partly because routine helps us mentally and physically prepare for things. Whether it’s having a cup of coffee every morning, doing some morning stretches or taking your dog on a walk, creating a morning routine can greatly help you get ready for the work-day at home.

3. Be alert; do not use the oven or stovetop if you are sleepy or under the influence of a substance.

4. Preparation of Food:
Stay in the kitchen if you are cooking food with any form of heat. When simmering, baking or roasting, check the food regularly, remain in the kitchen while cooking, and use a timer.
5. Keep all flammables, like paper, clothing, bedding, drapes or rugs, at least three feet from a space heater, stove, or fireplace.

6. Smoke alarms can be annoying
They beep, you have to replace batteries, and if you cook something smokey in the kitchen they sometimes go off. However, they are essential for fire safety, as they give an early warning that greatly reduces risk of injury or death. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) reports that three out of five fire deaths happen in homes with no smoke alarms or working smoke alarms.

7. Schedule Breaks
Just like any working environment, giving yourself breaks is incredibly important to let your brain and body relax. Take a 15-minute walk, go make some lunch or catch up with a loved one on the phone—whatever you do, though, do not work yourself to the bone without letting yourself take a break away from screens, meetings and work.
 8. Audit CCTV footage as an SOP
If you are responsible to take care security / safety part of your company, or you are owner of your company, then you must see what camera saw. Once auditing becomes a de-facto requirement, at least of some critical cameras, and audit reports are maintained and acted upon, it will result in huge amount of prevention and continuous improvement. Auditing will help in discovering several exceptions that would otherwise remain hidden within the footage.

9. Socialize with Colleagues
Of course, if you are sick or trying to stay healthy in the wake of something like the coronavirus, socializing in-person with others might night be best idea. But in general, if you are working from home, socializing is important.

In the event of sickness or COVID-19, it is still important your get out and take a break from your routine workspace. Yes: isolation, quarantine, and social distancing are all different things. However, you can often control your environment to keep your body and brain health—especially if you are self-quarantining and social distancing.

10. Fire Extinguisher
Lastly, know where your nearest fire extinguisher is. But remember, not all fire extinguishers are created equal. Remember “PASS” is process for using a fire extinguisher
·        Pull the pin
·        Aim low at the base of the fire
·        Squeeze the handle slowly
·        Sweep the nozzle side to side
Practice your fire escape plan! This includes practicing getting out with your eyes closed, crawling on the floor with your mouth covered, doing “stop, drop, and roll” and testing door handles to see if they are hot.

While employers’ responsibilities for the safety and health of their at-home workers is less than those in the office or onsite, some do still exist. OSHA distinguishes between home offices and other home workplaces.

OSHA’s compliance directive on home offices is pretty clear:
·        “OSHA will not conduct inspections of employees’ home offices.
·        “OSHA will not hold employers liable for employees’ home offices, and does not expect employers to inspect the home offices of their employees.
·        “If OSHA receives a complaint about a home office, the complainant will be advised of OSHA’s policy. If an employee makes a specific request, OSHA may informally let employers know of complaints about home office conditions, but will not follow-up with the employer or employee.”
What about recording injuries while working at home? If an employee is working at home, when could the injury be considered work-related? OSHA answers the question:
How do I decide if a case is work-related when the employee is working at home? Injuries and illnesses that occur while an employee is working at home, including work in a home office, will be considered work-related if the injury or illness occurs while the employee is performing work for pay or compensation in the home, and the injury or illness is directly related to the performance of work rather than to the general home environment or setting.

OSHA 300 Log and COVID-19
In the case of the coronavirus, OSHA has a few guidelines in place for your reference. Employers must record cases of the coronavirus only if the employer believes that the employee was exposed at work, and the case is diagnosed by a laboratory test or healthcare provider as having been caused by the coronavirus, and the case is otherwise recordable.

There is no presumption that an employee who has come down with a case of coronavirus was infected at work. Instead, for the illness to be considered work-related, there must be evidence that it was contracted at work. If there is no such evidence, the case is not recordable.