Video Smoke Detection is based on the computer analysis of video images provided by standard modern CCTV cameras. VSD automatically identifies the particular motion patterns of smoke and alerts the system operator to its presence in the shortest time possible. This enables a fast response to a potential fire, saving valuable time even in voluminous areas or where a high airflow may be present.
In applications ranging from turbine halls to historic buildings, road tunnels, rail depots, warehouses, shopping malls, aircraft hangars and many others, Camera-based fire detection system has become established as the leading edge technology in the field of fire protection
Fire
safety professionals constantly seek the benefits of early warning of potential
fires. In a perfect world it would be possible to place hundreds of smoke
detecting sensors above and around any items or areas at risk. This would
certainly enable a fast response to a potential fire, saving valuable time even
in voluminous areas or where a high airflow may be present. Of course such a
dream is not possible from a practical or financial point of view.
Video smoke detection technology makes this dream a reality.
Video smoke detection technology makes this dream a reality.
How does VSD work?
Video smoke and flame detection is performed by a software algorithm running on Visual Signal Processors (ViSPs) that implement parallel processing engines in hardware. Video images are analyzed in real time by applying digital image processing techniques that allows smoke and flames to be detected with a high degree of confidence. The video image is continually monitored for changes and false alarms are eliminated by compensating for camera noise and acquiring knowledge of the camera view over time.
Multiple zones can be defined for a camera view in which smoke and flames are to be detected. Each zone has a set of parameters that provide complete control over the detection algorithm. These parameters are configured individually for each zone in order to cater for a wide variety of application scenarios. It is also possible to combine information from multiple cameras to enhance the detection process.
Stemming from many years of research and development several complex statistical and geometrical measurements are made on the video image data from each zone as dictated by the control parameters. This is made possible by the parallel digital signal processing capabilities of the hardware. The scale of parameter settings is such that it is possible to detect smoke ranging from slow emerging faint smoke through to dense smoke plumes that are produced in a short period of time.
Once the measurements have been made from the video image data, a set of rules can be applied to determine if they characterize smoke or flames. The rules can also be tuned to meet the specific application requirements to complete a robust and successful detection algorithm.
Video smoke and flame detection is performed by a software algorithm running on Visual Signal Processors (ViSPs) that implement parallel processing engines in hardware. Video images are analyzed in real time by applying digital image processing techniques that allows smoke and flames to be detected with a high degree of confidence. The video image is continually monitored for changes and false alarms are eliminated by compensating for camera noise and acquiring knowledge of the camera view over time.
Multiple zones can be defined for a camera view in which smoke and flames are to be detected. Each zone has a set of parameters that provide complete control over the detection algorithm. These parameters are configured individually for each zone in order to cater for a wide variety of application scenarios. It is also possible to combine information from multiple cameras to enhance the detection process.
Stemming from many years of research and development several complex statistical and geometrical measurements are made on the video image data from each zone as dictated by the control parameters. This is made possible by the parallel digital signal processing capabilities of the hardware. The scale of parameter settings is such that it is possible to detect smoke ranging from slow emerging faint smoke through to dense smoke plumes that are produced in a short period of time.
Once the measurements have been made from the video image data, a set of rules can be applied to determine if they characterize smoke or flames. The rules can also be tuned to meet the specific application requirements to complete a robust and successful detection algorithm.
Product
FireVu is an advanced embedded Video Smoke
Detection (VSD) server designed to operate over an IP network. For this,
mathematical algorithms it is capable of determining the presence of smoke
within each of its four available analog camera inputs (PAL or NTSC). Operators
can be alerted either remotely over the system’s network or local to the unit
via relay outputs.Each camera image can have up to 16 fully independent, configurable zones, allowing the user complete flexibility on setting up the areas to be protected with their required sensitivity levels. System configuration is carried out via a series of web pages using a browser such as Internet Explorer, while system monitoring and reviewing is carried out by Observer client software.
All alarm events are recorded to disk with configurable pre and post event video, allowing the operator to witness (and download) the event, including who or what created it.
The system is a 19” rack-mountable unit, utilizing in-house manufactured Visual Signal Processors (ViSPs) to process the images.
Each unit possesses 16 configurable relay outputs and can accept up to 16 alarm inputs. Numerous servers can be joined to a network to create a multi-camera system for larger installations.
Benefits
It’s
fast.... it detects smoke at the source of the fire.
- It’s unaffected by high air movement. It will sense smoke movement patterns just as quickly in high airflow as it does in no airflow environments.
- It can detect all types of smoke. Conventional detectors respond more quickly to certain types (colors) of smoke than others – VSD responds to the movement patterns typical of any color smoke.
- It can use traditional security cameras that may already be existing at the facilities needing protection.
- It gives visual verification of the alarm allowing a more immediate response to fire event.
Application
Case
Study – Power Generation:
Here is a good example of where video smoke detection might solve a problem. Fire protection is difficult for Turbine Generators in the Power Generation industry. Typically these turbine generators are in large open areas with really high ceilings. Stratification effects from high ceilings, dilution of the smoke in the large open area and unpredictability from the high airflow in the space. Conventional smoke or heat detection will just take too long to operate.
Video Smoke Detection can solve the problem. It will detect the smoke at the source of the fire (typically coming from within the generator somewhere) and doesn’t wait for smoke or heat to reach the detectors mounted all the way at the ceiling.
Here is a good example of where video smoke detection might solve a problem. Fire protection is difficult for Turbine Generators in the Power Generation industry. Typically these turbine generators are in large open areas with really high ceilings. Stratification effects from high ceilings, dilution of the smoke in the large open area and unpredictability from the high airflow in the space. Conventional smoke or heat detection will just take too long to operate.
Video Smoke Detection can solve the problem. It will detect the smoke at the source of the fire (typically coming from within the generator somewhere) and doesn’t wait for smoke or heat to reach the detectors mounted all the way at the ceiling.
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Video Smoke Detection (VSD) is based on the computer analysis of video images provided by standard CCTV cameras. SAEVu's VSD automatically identifies the particular motion pattern of smoke and alerts the system operator to its presence in the shortest time possible. This enables a fast response to a potential fire, saving valuable time even in voluminous areas or where a high airflow may be present.
In situations ranging from turbine halls to historic buildings, road tunnels, rail depots, warehouses, shopping malls, aircraft hangars and many others, SAEVu’s camera-based fire detection system has become established as the front line in the field of fire protection....
VSD recognition is simple
• Fast detection of the early stage of a fire by detecting smoke at its source
• Detection of all types of visible smoke
• Accurate visual location of a event
• Solution for high air flow situations
• Ideal solution outdoor smok detection
• Visual alarm verification
• Substantial cost saving by utilizing existing CCTV cameras and equipment
• Ideal for detection in hazardous or toxic areas and facilities
• Remote monitoring 24-hour-a-day
• Remote testing and diagnostics
---Brought to you with No Excuses by Space Age Electronics, Inc
The VSD system comprises of a high-grade industrial computer, mouse, keyboard and VGA monitor. Proprietary high performance video grabbers are housed within the computer. The VGA monitor will display the digitised video image from any one of the eight cameras in detection mode, all control and set-up graphics, zonal layout information, pre-alarm and full alarm information, zone and camera identification in alarm..
SimplexGrinnell is offering the AlarmEye Video Smoke and Flame Detection System. The first and only UL-listed Video Image Smoke and Flame Detection System (VISFD), the AlarmEye camera can detect flame and smoke in real-time video. It is well suited for large open spaces such as warehouses, exhibition centers, stadiums and industrial plants.
Sensitive enough to detect smoke particles before visual detection by the naked eye
Daytime and nighttime round-the-clock operation equipped with IR night vision technique
For more information on any SimplexGrinnell Fire Detection and Alarm system, contact your nearest SimplexGrinnell district office.
NOTIFIER Launches Video Smoke Detection with D-Tec.
Northford, Conn. – NOTIFIER, part of Honeywell (NYSE: HON) Life Safety, will now offer Video Smoke Detection (VSD) as part of its comprehensive line of fire and smoke detection products and technologies. The new video smoke detection offering has been made possible through an agreement with UK-based D-Tec, a pioneer and World leader in VSD.
VSD is based on the computer analysis of video images provided by CCTV cameras. It uses standard CCTV cameras (black and white, color, infrared, existing or new) linked to a self contained processing system which is capable of recognizing smoke and flame patterns within the video image. VSD uses sophisticated software algorithms to automatically identify the specific motion pattern of smoke and fire while ignoring other on-screen movement patterns from up to four cameras simultaneously. When fire or smoke is detected, the VSD system alerts the operator both at the operating terminal and at an unlimited number of remote locations.
VSD is used in applications where traditional smoke detection technologies may be impractical or inefficient, such as large open areas, very high ceilings, or high air flows that can prevent smoke from reaching a spot-type smoke detector, thereby delaying alarm activation. Applications include industrial processing plants, power generation plants, tunnels, aircraft hangers, mass transit facilities, shopping malls, historic structures, or areas that are inaccessible or unsafe for traditional detection technology. VSD can operate in all of these environments without any compromise to alarm response time. It can detect smoke and/or fire in any area visible to a standard video camera, even through glass.
VSD is a natural extension of NOTIFIER’s existing product and technology portfolio, and will be sold through their established network of independent Engineered Systems Distributors (ESDs).
NOTIFIER Launches Video Smoke Detection with D-Tec.
Honeywell International is a $38 billion diversified technology and manufacturing leader, serving customers worldwide with aerospace products and services; control technologies for buildings, homes and industry; automotive products; turbochargers; and specialty materials. Based in Morris Township, N.J., Honeywell’s shares are traded on the New York, London, Chicago and Pacific Stock Exchanges. It is one of the 30 stocks that make up the Dow Jones Industrial Average and is also a component of the Standard & Poor's 500 Index. For additional information, please visit www.honeywell.com.
This release contains forward-looking statements as defined in Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including statements about future business operations, financial performance and market conditions. Such forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties inherent in business forecasts as further described in our filings under the Securities Exchange Act.
The 2007 edition of NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm Code, recognized the use of VID
systems for flame and smoke detection. Although recognized, there is limited prescriptive
installation and use requirements and there is a general desire by many for the development of
performance criteria that ultimately could be utilized for the design of systems or the creation of
standards. Since the underlying VID technology and development of standard and networkbased
camera systems are in a period of fairly rapid advancement, it is not possible to
define a comprehensive set of stand-alone prescriptive requirements. The performance of VID
systems depends on both the video hardware and the software algorithms; there is no basic
underlying principle, such as there is for ionization or photoelectric detection for smoke
detectors. Consequently, performance-based installation and operation requirements are needed.
Currently, there are no systems that are UL listed, and there is no UL standard that
specifically addresses VID systems. Four systems have been FM approved. These include a
system that detects only smoke, one that detects only flame and two that detect both. The
systems have been approved to meet the requirements of FM Standard 3260, Radiant Energy-
Sensing Fire Detectors for Automatic Fire Alarm Signaling, and UL 268, Smoke Detectors
for Fire Alarm Signaling Systems.
http://www.gobeyondsecurity.com/forum/topics/video-smoke-detection
It is recommended that additional code language be developed for NFPA 72 that provides
for considerations of VID system related performance criteria as discussed in this report.
Also a hazard assessment and design methodology should be developed, particularly for
smoke VID systems. In general, the methodology in NFPA 72 for the design of radiant
energy-sensing fire detection systems is sufficiently broad to cover flame VID systems;
however there is some language, particularly in the annex material, that is not necessarily
appropriate for VID technology. Although it is recommended to develop a performancebased
design methodology for smoke VID systems, the knowledge and tools available for
performing such designs, as well as for any smoke detection system, still need to be
improved, developed and validated. One example is validating smoke movement
modeling relative to ventilation and stratification effects.
Video Image Detection (VID) is a new technology for detecting fires that enables fast and reliable response, effective fire protection in difficult applications such as large open areas and excellent value for money. VID can also provide CCTV images for security purposes which makes the technology more valuable as Mark Kendall of Fike Safety Technology explains.
Unlike conventional fire detection systems, those based on VID technology use no traditional form of smoke, heat or flame detection device. Instead, VID systems work by automatically analysing images from CCTV cameras, looking for tell-tale characteristics in those images that indicate the presence of smoke and/or flames.
The benefits of using video images for fire detection are immediately apparent. For example, the images from the CCTV cameras can be used for building security as well as for fire detection, thereby eliminating the need for a separate security CCTV installation. In addition, a single camera can cover a wide area, so fewer cameras are needed than conventional fire detectors to protect a given area.
How VID technology works
The attractions of VID fire protection are clear, but how does this technology actually work in practice? The first point to note is that there are two methods of implementing VID.
The first method uses standard CCTV cameras – which may already be in place – in conjunction with a Digital Video Recorder (DVR) and VID software that analyses the images from these cameras to identify fire signatures.
This VID approach works well and has numerous benefits if suitable cameras are already installed, but it is important to be aware of its limitations. If, for example, the DVR or the video analytics software running the image analysis crashes, the whole fire protection system becomes ineffective. Another issue is that existing security cameras are not usually wired with fire-resistant cables, meaning a failure to meet regulatory requirements for fire protection. The second method of implementing VID technology uses dedicated IP network cameras with in-built image analysis capabilities. Such cameras are typically linked via an IP network to a Network Video Recorder (NVR), situated at a monitoring station where its images can be used for security purposes. However, crucially, these cameras are also directly linked to a fire control panel. If the camera detects a fire, it will send an alarm signal to the panel, in the same way as a conventional detector would behave.
There is no longer a single point of failure that can disable the whole fire protection system and, even if the IP network is out of action, the cameras are still able to send alarm signals to the fire control panel. Finally, because these dedicated cameras are installed with fire protection in mind, fire-resistant cabling can be used to link the camera to the fire control panel.
VID technology is attracting a lot of interest from insurers, who see it as providing fire protection that is demonstrably superior to that provided by conventional systems. If, therefore, assets need effective protection, now could be a very good time to check out VID!!!
-
Mark Kendall
Fike Safety Technology
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