PTZ camera advantages & Disadvantages

PTZ camera advantages & Disadvantages

PTZ cameras occupy a special place in the field of video surveillance. So, here’s an article which will throw some light on how these cameras can prove useful, what are their deployment pros and cons and other related points.

Basically, a PTZ security camera is a network camera which reflects the movement options of Pan, Tilt and Zoom. These cameras can be mechanically operated, where the user typically has the ability to control the Pan-L and R (Rotate Vertically); Tilt- Up & down (Move Horizontally); and Zoom (Point Down an objects) of the camera with a joy stick / Key Board / hardware device or another software.

PTZ cameras are ideal choice for monitoring large public places like stadiums, traffic signals, and other environments. If these cameras come tucked with the feature of megapixel or high definition (which is now possible in 2015), then they add absolute value to the whole deployment security surveillance.

Coming to the Pros and Cons of PTZ cameras, here’s a bit of illustration-

PTZ camera advantages

1. With the help of a capable VMS, the PTZ cameras can be auto programmed. So, these cams can capture the front doors, the gate and the fence at regular intervals and can achieve the best out of it.

2. If the video from this camera is under live monitoring then an operator can track down a suspect or respond to a threat triggered by the video management software integrated with the camera. The operator can then zoom-in and take control of the situation and if necessary can act in time for loss prevention. If the PTZ camera is tucked with high definition, then the captured image can help the operator track the facial features of a suspect, license plate of an automobile involved in crime or identify an object of interest.

3. As these security cameras can be panned, zoomed and tilted, hundreds of acres of land can be monitored day/night. So, by using a PTZ in premises, the cost of coverage per given area can get reduced.

PTZ camera Disadvantages

1. As every technology has its pros and cons, so does the PTZ camera. Generally, people gather an opinion that these cameras are capable of covering 360 degrees. Except for a couple of cameras available in the market of this sort none can truly cover up more than 180 degrees. So, go for a demo if the camera PTZ maker claims to make a camera with not just 360 degrees coverage.

2. The other disadvantage which can prove advantageous to criminals is that these cameras record where the lens is focused. So, if an incident occurs and if the camera is pointed in other direction, then it could potentially miss the event entirely and this could miss vital video evidence.

3. Though, there is a lot of development in PTZ cameras offered by different manufactures, it is often observed that they need to be regularly maintained and have a shorter life span. Moreover, most installers feel that in hot conditions, these cameras will give-up. But yes, if they are secured in a housing which keeps the inside temperature under control, then these cameras tend to work fine.

4. The sensors of PTZ cameras are smaller when compared to fixed cameras. So, image quality is not up to the mark. But as technology improvisation is taking place is this segment, it is reviewed to be yielding better results.

5. To get the best out of a PTZ camera monitoring, a live operator dedicated to monitor the system is needed. So, here a rise in surveillance costs can be observed.

6. If the PTZ camera is not properly installed, then a slight wind can push the video output into doldrums. So, the installer must be very careful in such camera deployments.

7. PTZ cameras if positioned in unwanted places can land the installer and the owner installing the equipment into legal trouble. And if their focus includes the coverage of an opposite house swimming pool or lawn even by an inch, then the installer and the related authorities will be in deep trouble.

8. PTZ controls are sensitive to latency and if the latency is more than a fraction of second, then the PTZ control can go out of gear.

9. PTZ cameras have more features in them and so their cost is 60% high than normal fixed cameras.

10. The position of a PTZ camera will indicate the focus of its lens. So, an attacker can creep into the blind spot of the camera and spray some paint on the camera lens, in order to prevent the camera from recording further. There is a high chance that the image of the person doing such mischief can get skipped.

Therefore, in order to get optimal results from PTZ camera deployment these cameras can be made as a supplementary with fixed cameras for investigating a situation or tracking a criminal.

Hope, this article helps in unraveling the truth about PTZ security cameras.

Embedded Network Video Recorders (NVRs) over Windows-based NVRs Comparison

Embedded Network Video Recorders (NVRs) over Windows-based NVRs Comparison

Video surveillance users who opt for an NVR using an embedded, dedicated Linux operating system within a self-contained unit will benefit from performance which is superior to that offered by a Windows-based NVR in terms of ease of use, system stability and decoding capability.

Embedded NVRs are distinguished from WINDOWS-based NVRs primarily on how they operate and the features they provide. The stand-alone NVR comes in a single, compact enclosure. By contrast, a WINDOWS-based NVR is a peripheral addition to a system involving a CPU, keyboard and monitor. In confined locations, an embedded unit performs a similar if not wider range of functions while occupying less space. Embedded NVRs have overcome their perceived shortcomings in terms of storage capacity and types of storage medium through use of devices including IP-SAN, eSATA, NAS (network-attached storage) and Fire wire.  Furthermore, embedded NVRs can support interfaces to other surveillance devices which can be conveniently integrated with alarm systems and access control systems as well as PTZ remote control systems.

Functions common to the two approaches
Some common functions between the two video recording solutions in the surveillance market, it will be useful to list the core functions that are common to both approaches. These include: recording; archiving; display; playback; search on parameters such as date, timeline and event; camera management; triggered recording on prescribed events and export to removable media. NVRs are also usually expected to be able to handle VoIP packets. Once digitalized video has been streamed, end-users expect to be able to treat it like any other network data, viewing it locally, on LANs and remotely from web browsers. They also expect to be able to exercise PTZ control over cameras remotely, configure settings and even perform upgrades remotely.

Storage

Although NVRs have ample internal recording and storing space, the PC-based systems offer as much as seven times more storage, when compared to an NVR. This advantage is, however, addressed by NVRs, through the provision for external storage options (USB storage devices, eSATA devices, Firewire storage devices, NAS appliances, etc.)

Reliability
The precise architecture of the embedded NVR units makes them less prone to crash. However, the WINDOWS methodology for NVRs is certainly 'open' in terms of the addition of external storage, installation of software etc. The controls are embedded into the NVR; they are an integral part of the panel rather than an adjunct, and the activity of operators can therefore be more easily restricted to legitimate usage.

Stability
Unlike a WINDOWS-based unit which is likely to run a range of Windows™ applications, an embedded NVR benefits from the stability that comes with Linux code which is optimized to run only applications relevant to the surveillance tasks required. An embedded operating system contains only the software components necessary for the specific functions of the NVR, and the unit will be supplied with optimum configurations straight from the factory after rigorous testing.

Scalability

An NVR is designed to offer optimal performance for a set number of cameras, and is normally less scalable than a WINDOWS -based system. This makes the unit suitable for smaller systems where the number of cameras stays within the limits of an NVR’s designed capacity.

Boot Time

The NVR runs an embedded operating system as compared to a WINDOWS -based system, which needs to run an application under the Windows OS before it begins recording. This means that the NVR will start faster as compared to the WINDOWS -based system; which will take longer to load.

Complex decoding
Embedded NVRs consistently outperform WINDOWS-based solutions in their ability not only to perform complex decoding but also to give the user reliable video playback and preview. Currently, certain NVRs are among the few units which can perform both local decoding and playback, with decoding of up to 16 channels at 1080p being achievable. The processing demands made on a WINDOWS-based solution to achieve comparable performance are far higher than those required of an embedded device, and necessitate powerful, expensive CPUs.

Power consumption and manufacturing carbon footprint
Embedded technologies are helping the surveillance industry to go green in marked contrast with the WINDOWS approach. The power consumption of an embedded NVR is approximately 70W which is less than an incandescent light bulb. By contrast, the likely power consumption of a WINDOWS capable of running an NVR is approximately 200 watts and together with a large enterprise-grade monitor, the total figure will be about 300 watts. For any end-user mindful of their carbon footprint, these figures alone must do much to settle the debate.

Ease of Use
Embedded NVRs can have operating panels based on the very best intuitive design principles. LED signals, digital inputs and outputs, push buttons and dials can all be arranged in an ergonomic way. Sensible layout in a panel approach rather than a screen-based GUI can replicate the ease of use found in a WINDOWS but without the vulnerabilities described above.

ONVIF

Linux based Network Video Recorder for multi-brand and ONVIF compliant multi-megapixel IP cameras and basic automation.

Video Servers Bridge The Gap

Network IP solutions are touted as the answer for security problems, but analog cameras dominate most existing camera configurations. Video servers span the distance between analog and digital systems, upgrading existing systems and holding tantalizing potential for newer uses.

One benefit of digital systems is faster response time, with video servers bridging the gap between legacy analog systems and digital IP systems. The universal function of a video server is to transform analog signals into digital signalsimportant in places with existing analog frameworks. 

Video servers, sometimes known as video encoders, bridge the gap between analog CCTV surveillance systems and digital IP based systems. Video servers are a great budget conscious, transitional product for those who are looking to gain some of the features and benefits of network based solutions but, aren’t ready to make the full jump.

If you’ve installed analog cameras in the past few years they’re going to be functional for quite some time.  There’s no need to shortchange that investment.  Video servers will allow you to maintain those analog CCTV cameras while enhancing your video surveillance system to provide the benefits of IP video.

Why Use A Video Server?

So you don’t have to discard your existing analog cameras! A video server allows your functioning analog CCTV video surveillance system to be integrated with a network video system. Gain the benefits of network video without having to replace what’s bought, paid for, and still working.

Coax Cable Is Expensive

Installing coaxial cable is expensive and once installed, hard to justify re-cabling with Cat 5. And with the average lifespan of an analog camera at 5 - 7 years, what fails first are the VCR’s and DVR’s used to record the video. Video servers not only allow you to keep existing analog equipment such as analog CCTV cameras and coaxial cabling but open up a true network video system because the video is consistently sent over an IP network.

A video server connects to an analog video camera via a coaxial cable and converts analog video signals into digital video streams that are then sent over a wired or wireless IP-based network (i.g., LAN, WLAN or Internet).

Video Server Advantages

• Use of standard network and PC server hardware for video recording and management instead of DVR’s or VCR’s
• Scalability in steps of one camera at a time
• Possibility to record off site
• Ability to remotely access and control analog cameras over an IP network
• Future-proof because the system is expanded easily by incorporating IP Cameras

Video Server Components

• Analog Video Input: For connecting analog camera using coaxial cable.
• Processor: For running encoder’s operating system, networking & security functions, encoding analog video using various compression formats, and video analysis. The processor determines the performance of a video encoder measured in frames per second (FPS).
• Memory: For storing firmware (computer program) using Flash, and for buffering of video sequences (using RAM).
• Ethernet/Power over Ethernet Port: To connect to IP network for sending and receiving data, and for powering the unit and the attached camera if Power over Ethernet (PoE) is supported.
• Input/Output (I/O) Connectors: For connecting external devices such as sensors, relays, and lights.
• Audio In: For connecting a microphone or line-in equipment and audio out for connecting to speakers.

What To Consider When Choosing A Video Server

• The number of supported analog channels
• Image quality
• Compression formats
• Resolution
• Frame rate & features such as pan/tilt/zoom support
• Audio
• Event management
• Intelligent video
• Power over Ethernet (PoE)
• Security Functionally

IP Convergence

Video servers are a great problem solver when you’re faced with the challenge of migrating a large investment in analog CCTV cameras to IP video.  Next up I’ll go into more detail about a very important benefit that video servers provide - Event management and intelligent video capabilities with the ability to use advanced video monitoring software

CCTV surveillance systems used as a crime fighting and prevention

CCTV surveillance systems play an important role in fighting and preventing local and international crime. These closed circuit television systems were in place in London before the July 7th bombings and this footage is being used to identify suspects and investigate the attacks.

Besides fighting terrorism, CCTV security systems installed in public places or retail markets can deter crime, provide the police with leads, help citizens feel safer, and improve the economy of a crime-stricken area. Most CCTV systems have now gone digital for improved performance, urveillance camera maneuverability, and quicker feedback as compared to analog systems.

Implementing CCTV systems

Law enforcement or security professionals best support CCTV systems. These teams of rofessionals need to monitor the CCTV video evidence on a timely basis and they need to be properly trained in order to interpret suspicious behavior caught on the system. When all of these factors are in place, then the CCTV security system will be effective for keeping citizens and shoppers safe. In the case of some municipalities or businesses not being able to afford all of the necessary components of a CCTV system, many CCTV providers can recommend a scalable approach so that priority security needs may be addressed first. Then, additional surveillance cameras can be purchased in ucceeding years as the budget allows.

Digital CCTV systems and surveillance cameras

A modern digital CCTV security system consists of hardware and software components that collect and transmit vital surveillance camera information over fiber optic lines to control rooms staffed by security professionals and equipped with digital CCTV monitors. An example of the surveillance cameras used for reducing crime in LA's MacArthur Park include CyberDome DayNite 25X cameras equipped with removable infrared cut filters, 25x optical zoom lenses, 12x digital zoom capabilities, and 360-degree PTZ (pan tilt zoom) capabilities. This MacArthur Park system also includes GE Storesafe DVRs (digital video recorders) and GE KTD-405 keypad controllers. DVRs are capable of saving CCTV data to a PC for up to ten weeks of recording and some even feature motion etection technology, which means that the footage is only recorded when motion triggers the DVR system. Digital surveillance cameras range in type from compact, fixed cameras to direction-controlled models that can see in the dark under various lighting conditions. CCTV decision-makers need to know what kind of job each surveillance camera must fulfill. Will it watch the flow of passerbys (fixed cameras) or will it need to monitor a crime-targeted area (dome cameras with PTZ functions)? These video security managers also need to consider weatherproofing their surveillance cameras if the cameras are mounted in an especially hot or cold climate, or if the viewing fields could be obscured by dirt or dust.

What kind of crimes do CCTV systems prevent?

Evidence has shown that CCTV systems mostly deter property crimes and robberies, but not more violent crimes such as rape and aggravated assault. CCTV systems may not catch these crimes because they may occur away from the surveillance cameras in more deserted areas.
Fortunately in most situations, when a CCTV system is in place, criminals generally shy away from these monitored areas fearing prosecution since these recorded images can be used in court. As noted previously, in order for a CCTV system to be effective, the electronic system must be used in conjunction with human know-how and skills and it should be carefully integrated into existing security plans.

CCTV: Looking ahead

In the next few years, digital CCTV systems will evolve into wireless CCTV systems that employ GSM (global system for mobile communication) or 3G (third generation) onnections. These wireless systems are completely portable and can deliver live images to a PC, an Internet phone, or a laptop. The cameras are tiny, but include many of the sophisticated features of full size digital CCTV cameras. CCTV customers are also seeking IP-based solutions with LAN/WAN delivery options despite some lags in the technology's image quality and frame rate. "Make no mistake about it, the future is wireless," says Thomas M. Wade, president of Samsung CCTV. "We'll be pushing crime-related images to police cars in the future. Imagine an abduction or robbery in which the responding units are seeing the video and the suspects as they are rolling to the scene. It's all possible and it is the general direction of the industry."

There is also talk of linking CCTV cameras together to form a worldwide network to prevent terrorism, but this international surveillance system would cost billions of dollars and would require extensive international cooperation.

Visit : http://www.gobeyondsecurity.com/forum/topics/cctv-surveillance-systems-used

Verious Type of CCTV camera

CCTV cameras are being installed everywhere for crime prevention and detection. They are now available at quite affordable price, are easy to install, and require low-maintenance. There are many types of technologically advanced CCTV cameras that offer fitting surveillance solutions. Depending upon your requirement, you can select one. This article discusses types of CCTV cameras and their features and uses.

Indoor Camera: Indoor camera as the name suggests are used for indoor security mechanism. Depending upon your security needs, you can mount it at any suitable location inside the building. These are suitable for security in homes, schools, offices, hotels, etc.

Outdoor Camera: Outdoor CCTV Camera is used for outdoor places. They are mostly used for entry and exit points with limited night lighting. Outdoor cameras typically have hard shell vandal-proof casings and a variety of lens options.

IR Day/Night Camera: IR Day/ Night Camera are used for high alert security areas where surveillance needs to happen throughout day and night. In the daytime the camera functions like a normal camera with standard colors and at night it switches to low-lux black and white mode. When visibility decreases due to no-light at night, Infrared LEDs are automatically illuminated providing full security. These cameras are used by military personals, in parking lots, and high security zones.

Dome Camera: Dome cameras are installed inside a dark dome and are designed in a way that they go unnoticed by visitors. They come in compact design for a discreet appearance. The thief does not know if the camera is recording. These cameras can also be rotated and tilted manually. Dome type cameras are used in public places like railway station, bus terminals, and other areas where there is huge gathering of people.

Bullet Camera: Bullet cameras are placed inside a bullet shaped housing, and they are used in residential places as well as commercial places. They are small in size, have an integrated design, and are really effective. They offer illuminate viewing even in darkness and are weatherproof as well.

Vandal Proof Camera: Vandal proof cameras are used as outdoor security cameras. These cameras are sheltered within solid material and are covered by a “hub” of break-proof glass which doesn’t hinder the quality of the video camera streams. It is difficult to break these cameras and this makes them perfect for high security. They are suitable for wall or ceiling mounting and are rain and fog resistant.

Hidden Camera: Hidden cameras are compact in size and are used for secret monitoring. They are usually installed in public places like department stores, theaters, clubs, etc. Hidden cameras have a built-in recorder that records and broadcasts simultaneously. By using a large number of security cameras and networking them various strategic views of the place can be obtained.

Pan Tilt Zoom Camera: Pan-tilt-zoom camera offers the ability to view and zoom in all directions. You can even set the camera to automatically rotate to different fields of vision. To gather more information on CCTV cameras, cables, monitors, and connectors.