Simple Ways to Clean your Camera Lens

Three Simple Ways to Clean your Camera Lens

Dust, rain, and bugs can have a great impact on the quality of your camera’s picture, but with the following easy tips, you can keep the image quality looking great throughout the life of your security camera.

1. Distilled Water – Put some distilled water into a squeeze bottle with small tip. You’ll want to gently apply some water droplets, and then blot gently with lens tissue or another clean, lint-free, scratch-free material.

2. Baby Shampoo – A mild surfactant like Johnson’s baby shampoo (diluted with water) lightly applied to the glass and blotted dry is a great way to remove dust, spider webs, and oil compounds from areas that create steam from oil based foods.

3. Hot Air – By using a hair dryer to a dry lens you are heating up the glass to a point where the molecules are now looser and easier to remove.  The reason why waxing a car is such a chore is the effort needed to create heat by rubbing the surface to warm up the compounds so they can be removed.  A simple hair dryer to a lint free cloth can do the trick for minor cleaning needs.

Megapixels Resolution in PPI

Megapixels Resolution in PPI

Now a days IP Camera markets going to use 7MP, 10MP, 16MP resolution for Better background information (photo quality).

The first things to understand is that in digital imaging, the only thing that really counts about a file is how many pixels are in a file. Terms like megapixels, DPI and file sizes in megabytes only confuse the issue. In the end, all digital images are simply X pixels by Y pixels big (by Z bits of colour data but we can ignore that for now)

Pixels Per Inch is the key term. It is a description of the logical number of pixels from your original image (X pixels by Y pixels, remember) that will be used to tell the printer to print one inch on paper. Assuming a sharp original shot with good technique (see resolution discussion below), the higher the PPI, the better the quality print you can achieve - this is testably true even well beyond most claims of 360 PPI being the most you need ... 600 PPI images can easily be seen to be much sharper again if this data is available at good quality from the original file).

Here's why:

1. A megapixel is 1 million pixels. It's an area measurement like square feet.
2. A typical 8 megapixel camera produces images that are 3266 x 2450* pixels.

If you multiply 3266 by 2450, you get 8,001,700 or 8 million pixels.

3.  To find the largest photo quality image you can print, simply divide each dimension by 300:
3266 / 300 = 10.89 inches
2450 / 300 = 8.17 inches
4.  If you are not publishing your images in a book or magazine, and you're just making prints for yourself or your friends, you can "cheat". Good quality inkjet printers can make a nice looking print at 250 or 200ppi. At 200ppi, the maximum print size becomes:

3266 / 200 = 16.33 inches
2450 / 200 = 12.25 inches

Megapixels vs. Maximum Print Size Chart

Megapixels	Pixel Resolution*	Print Size @ 300ppi	Print size @ 200ppi	Print size @ 150ppi**
3	2048 x 1536	6.82" x 5.12"	10.24" x 7.68"	13.65" x 10.24"
4	2464 x 1632	8.21" x 5.44"	12.32" x 8.16"	16.42" x 10.88"
6	3008 x 2000	10.02" x 6.67"	15.04" x 10.00"	20.05" x 13.34"
8	3264 x 2448	10.88" x 8.16"	16.32" x 12.24"	21.76" x 16.32"
10	3872 x 2592	12.91" x 8.64"	19.36" x 12.96"	25.81" x 17.28"
12	4290 x 2800	14.30" x 9.34"	21.45" x 14.00"	28.60" x 18.67"
16	4920 x 3264	16.40" x 10.88"	24.60" x 16.32"	32.80" x 21.76"
36, Nikon D800	7360 x 4912	24.53" x 16.37"	36.80" x 24.56"	49.06" x 32.74"

*Typical Resolution. Actual pixel dimensions vary from camera to camera.
**At 150ppi, printed images will have visible pixels and details will look "fuzzy".

Hacking Cradle Point Routers

Hacking Cradle Point Routers

This post not related with Video  Surveillance security. Please do not do hack any routers. One of my Long distance friend ask me about the same, so i will put it on my blog.

Cradle-point wireless routers are used heavily for setting small networks. However, Cradle-point uses interesting MAC specific authentication credentials which are unique for every router because of the MAC address uniqueness. In general, Cradle-point opts this behavior in order to provide more entropy in the authentication scheme rather depending on default password mechanism, which most of the LAN/WLAN router uses.

Cradle-point uses last six characters of MAC address for authentication by default. Well, in general it seems interesting because it looks like things are more secure. However, this is not appropriate from security point of view. For administrative logins and user authentication for the first time, a login page is displayed that looks for internet access password. 

The question is; How to get the password for unmanaged routers? Well, it is in MAC address. However, the obscure part is, once you are inside a WLAN , you are already having an IP address. It means Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is the key that maps the network layer address (IP) to the link layer(Ethernet/MAC). The login page looks like as follows.

The designers made a mistake in setting this type of layout because in order to get the administrative webpage, the client has to connect to the network if it is active. Right!. Yes it is. Once a user activates the wireless connection it gets connected to the same WLAN which has a gateway address of 192.168.0.1 (default for Cradle-point routers). It is hilarious but it is trivial to subvert the stuff to get the password. Now, the hacker is in the network, so we can get possible ARP entry which resolute the IP address to the MAC address (simply ping the gateway) for the router.

As per the documentation, the password has to be 071640. Let’s try
So

Configure your devices in a secure manner.

4320p, 2160p, 1080p & 1080i, 720p & 720i, 576p & 576i, 480p & 480i, 360p, 240p

4320p:

4320p is an alternative name for 8K UHD, a resolution planned to appear in future UHDTV products. The number 4320 stands for 4,320 lines of vertical display resolution, while the letter p stands for progressive scan or non-interlaced. In a progressive image, the lines of resolution of the image go from the top of the screen to the bottom.

It is 7680 × 4320 (33.1 megapixels in the 16:9 aspect ratio).

2160p:

2160p is an alternative name for 4K UHD, a resolution supported by UHDTV products and which offers four times the definition of 1080p. The number 2160 stands for a display resolution which has 2160 pixels along the shortest side, while the letter p stands for progressive scan or non-interlaced. In a progressive image, the lines of resolution of the image go from the top of the screen to the bottom.

2160p or 4K UHD is 3840×2160 (8.3 megapixels in the 16:9 aspect ratio) 

1080p & 1080i :-

1080p (also known as Full HD or FHD and BT.709) is a set of HDTV high-definition video modes characterized by 1080 horizontal lines of vertical resolution and progressive scan, as opposed to interlaced, as is the case with the 1080i display standard. The term usually assumes a widescreen aspect ratio of 16:9,

1080p & 1080i is 1920x1080.

720p & 720i

The number 720 stands for the 720 horizontal scan lines of image display resolution (also known as 720 pixels of vertical resolution), while the letter p stands for progressive scan (i.e. non-interlaced) & i is interlaced, as is the case with the 720i display standard.

720p & 720i is 1280x720

576p & 576i

576p is the shorthand name for a video display resolution. The p stands for progressive scan, i.e. non-interlaced, the 576 for a vertical resolution of 576 lines, usually with a horizontal resolution of 720 or 704 pixels. i stands for interlaced.

480p & 480i

480p is the shorthand name for a family of video display resolutions. The p stands for progressive scan, i.e. non-interlaced. The 480 denotes a vertical resolution of 480 pixel high vertically scanning lines, usually with a horizontal resolution of 640 pixels and 4:3 aspect ratio. i stands for interlaced.

360p

This is an Animoto video’s default resolution. The majority of YouTube and Hulu videos are displayed in 360p, so that’s about the video quality that 360 lines of resolution provides. This (as well as the 480p) is a great resolution for mobile devices since the mobile screen rarely has enough pixels or enough memory to support HD videos.

240p

Low-definition analog TV systems. Mobile DTV systems. small screens (320 × 240 and 480 × 272 pixels respectively).

http://arindamcctvaccesscontrol.blogspot.in/2015/01/360p-480p-720p-1080p-measure-up.html

Resolution of Network Camera

Resolution of Network Camera

This time I will try to discuss the resolution of the image of the network camera. Resolution which is the number of pixels (pixel) different in each dimension that can be displayed. The greater the resolution of an image, the more have the number of dots and more detailed image will be displayed.

If you want to buy a camera network device that can display video images are detailed and clear, then you should choose a network camera that has high resolution. Currently network video camera technology has a lot to offer features Full HD resolution (1080p).But perhaps for the people of Indonesia arguably the price is still relatively expensive, because there are around 4 million more.

The following table resolution network camera.

Term	Horizontal Px	Vertical Px	Pixel
QSXGA	2560	2048	5.2MP
WQXGA	2560	1600	4.1MP
QXGA	2048	1536	3.1MP
WUXGA	1920	1200	2.3MP
UXGA	1600	1200	1.9MP
Full HD (1080p)	1920	1080	2MP
SXGA	1280	1024	1.3MP
960P	1280	720	HD
720P	1280	720	0.9MP
D1	720	480	NTSC/PAL
VGA	640	480	0.3MP
QVGA	320	240	0.1MP

How to Setup Dual CCTV Monitors

How to Setup Dual Monitors

Using dual monitors refers to using two physical display devices to increase the viewing space running on a single computer. Microsoft Windows Operating Systems and Mac OS X now support dual and multiple monitor configurations.

Setting up dual monitors is easy. However, it requires the user to add a second video card or install a video card that can support a dual head or two separate physical outputs. The following instructions are for those with only one video card installed in their computers:-

Make sure that the computer is working fine and that it can support more than one video card. Boot in safe mode to make sure that only one video adapter and monitor is shown in Device Manager.

Next, turn off the system and install the second video card. Once installed, connect the second monitor.

If the installation is done correctly, the computer should boot the same way as always and the second monitor should still appear dark. Depending on the presence of the correct drivers bundled with the OS, drivers for the second video card may have to be installed.

Configuring Dual Monitors under Microsoft Windows

Check Device Manager. To do this, right-click My Computer then choose Properties > Hardware > Device Manager. There should be 2 monitors under the Display Adapters.

To configure the second monitor, right-click the desktop and choose Properties. Go to the Settings tab where there are two boxes, one bigger than the other. These represent the two monitors plugged into the computer. Click the second window marked “2” and change the second monitor’s resolution and color depth. Make sure that the display parameters chosen are within the monitors’ limits.

Do not forget to click the “Extend my Windows desktop into this monitor” option. If this is done properly, the 2 monitors should have the same size. Click OK and the 2nd monitor should work properly.

Troubleshooting Dual Monitor Setups

If the above instructions were followed but the second monitor is still not working, check if the operating system supports both monitors.

Also, check the kind of video card that was installed. If the computer has only one AGP slot and a PCI or ISA slot has to be used for the second video card, change the BIOS setting so that the PCI boots before the AGP display adapter.

Set up Dual Monitors Using a Splitter

In order to connect two monitors to the same computer, a VGA or DVI-D splitter can also be used, depending on the computer hardware’s specifications. A VGA splitter simply connects to a computer via a male-to-female VGA cable end. It then splits the digital signal into two parts, without compromising the quality of either part, and directs each part to its respective VGA cable end, allowing a single VGA cable to connect one computer to two separate VGA-based monitors. If a user wishes to connect more than two monitors to a computer, he/she should use a VGA splitter that uses more cable ends.

How to Display Separate Applications on Each Monitor

Although a VGA splitter connects two or more monitors to a single computer, the secondary monitor will be completely blank until the user makes the necessary changes to Windows. In order to display separate applications on each monitor:

1) Click the Start Menu and open the Control Panel.

2) Open the “Appearance and Personalization” category and select “Adjust screen resolution.”

3) Select the “Multiple Displays” menu and choose “Extend these displays.” This will activate the secondary monitor.

4) Launch the programs to be accessed and drag them to the secondary monitor. This is done by simply dragging the program window to the side of the primary monitor, causing the program to appear on the secondary monitor.